This repository provides a complete, hands-on learning experience for systems programming covering:
| Layer | Topics |
|---|---|
| C Language | Pointers, Memory Management, Bitwise Operations, Preprocessor |
| C++ Language | Move Semantics, Smart Pointers, Templates, Lambdas |
| Embedded Systems | Interrupts, GPIO, Timers, Communication (UART/SPI/I2C) |
| Exercises | 4 Practical Challenges with Solutions |
Each topic includes:
- ✅ Detailed README with theory, syntax, diagrams
- ✅ Working Code ready to compile and run
- ✅ Interactive Makefile for easy navigation
- ✅ Exercises to test your understanding
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ APPLICATION LAYER │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ C++ LANGUAGE │ │
│ │ Move Semantics │ Smart Pointers │ Templates │ Lambdas │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ C LANGUAGE │ │
│ │ Pointers │ Memory │ Bitwise │ Preprocessor │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ EMBEDDED BAREMETAL │ │
│ │ Interrupts │ GPIO │ Timers │ UART/SPI/I2C │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ HARDWARE │ │
│ │ ARM Cortex-M / AVR / RISC-V │ │
│ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Systems_Stack_C-CPP-Embedded/
│
├── README.md # This file
├── Makefile # Interactive menu system
├── LICENSE # MIT License
│
├── 01-c-language/
│ ├── pointers/
│ │ ├── README.md # Theory + diagrams + syntax
│ │ └── pointer_arithmetic.c # Working code
│ ├── memory/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── memory.c
│ ├── bitwise/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── bitwise.c
│ └── preprocessor/
│ ├── README.md
│ └── preprocessor.c
│
├── 02-cpp-language/
│ ├── move-semantics/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── move_semantics.cpp
│ ├── smart-pointers/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── smart_pointers.cpp
│ ├── templates/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── templates.cpp
│ └── lambdas/
│ ├── README.md
│ └── lambdas.cpp
│
├── 03-embedded-baremetal/
│ ├── interrupts/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── interrupts.c
│ ├── gpio/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── gpio.c
│ ├── timers/
│ │ ├── README.md
│ │ └── timers.c
│ └── communication/
│ ├── README.md
│ └── communication.c
│
├── exercises/
│ ├── challenges/
│ │ └── README.md # Challenge descriptions
│ └── solutions/
│ ├── solution_01_pointers.c
│ ├── solution_02_bitwise.c
│ ├── solution_03_move_semantics.cpp
│ └── solution_04_gpio.c
│
└── bin/ # Compiled binaries (auto-created)
| Tool | Version | Check Command |
|---|---|---|
| GCC | 4.8+ | gcc --version |
| G++ | 4.8+ | g++ --version |
| Make | 3.8+ | make --version |
# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/yourname/Systems_Stack_C-CPP-Embedded.git
cd Systems_Stack_C-CPP-Embedded
# Build everything
make all
# Start interactive menu
make menu ┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│ MAIN MENU │
│ 1. C Language │
│ 2. C++ Language │
│ 3. Embedded Baremetal │
│ 4. Exercises │
│ 5. Clean │
│ 0. Exit │
└─────────────────────────────────────┘
│
┌───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┐
│ │ │
▼ ▼ ▼
┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐
│ C LANGUAGE │ │ C++ LANGUAGE │ │ EMBEDDED │
├───────────────┤ ├───────────────┤ ├───────────────┤
│ 1. Pointers │ │ 1. Move │ │ 1. Interrupts │
│ 2. Memory │ │ 2. Smart Ptr │ │ 2. GPIO │
│ 3. Bitwise │ │ 3. Templates │ │ 3. Timers │
│ 4. Preprocessor│ │ 4. Lambdas │ │ 4. Comm │
└───────────────┘ └───────────────┘ └───────────────┘
│ │ │
▼ ▼ ▼
┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐
│ TOPIC MENU │ │ TOPIC MENU │ │ TOPIC MENU │
├───────────────┤ ├───────────────┤ ├───────────────┤
│ 1. Run Code │ │ 1. Run Code │ │ 1. Run Code │
│ 2. View README│ │ 2. View README│ │ 2. View README│
│ 0. Back │ │ 0. Back │ │ 0. Back │
└───────────────┘ └───────────────┘ └───────────────┘
│ │ │
▼ ▼ ▼
┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐
│ OUTPUT │ │ OUTPUT │ │ OUTPUT │
│ Code runs │ │ Code runs │ │ Code runs │
│ Shows: │ │ Shows: │ │ Shows: │
│ - Explanation│ │ - Explanation│ │ - Explanation│
│ - Code │ │ - Code │ │ - Code │
│ - Result │ │ - Result │ │ - Result │
└───────────────┘ └───────────────┘ └───────────────┘
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ USER INTERACTION FLOW │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ START │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ make menu │ ← User runs this command │
│ └────────┬────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ MAIN MENU DISPLAYED │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ SYSTEMS STACK: C, C++, EMBEDDED │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ 1. C Language │ │
│ │ 2. C++ Language │ │
│ │ 3. Embedded Baremetal │ │
│ │ 4. Exercises │ │
│ │ 5. Clean │ │
│ │ 0. Exit │ │
│ └────────┬────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ User selects 1 │ ← C Language │
│ └────────┬────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ C MENU DISPLAYED │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ C LANGUAGE │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ 1. Pointers │ │
│ │ 2. Memory │ │
│ │ 3. Bitwise │ │
│ │ 4. Preprocessor │ │
│ │ 0. Back │ │
│ └────────┬────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ User selects 1 │ ← Pointers │
│ └────────┬────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ POINTERS MENU DISPLAYED │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ POINTERS - EXPLANATION │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ A pointer stores a memory address. │ │
│ │ *ptr - Get value at address │ │
│ │ &var - Get address of variable │ │
│ │ ptr++ - Move to next element │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ 1. Run Code │ │
│ │ 2. View README │ │
│ │ 0. Back │ │
│ └────────┬────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ User selects 1 │ ← Run Code │
│ └────────┬────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ CODE EXECUTION │ │
│ │ ═══════════════════════════════════════════ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ 1. Compiler (gcc) compiles the .c file │ │
│ │ ↓ │ │
│ │ 2. Binary created in bin/ directory │ │
│ │ ↓ │ │
│ │ 3. Binary executes │ │
│ │ ↓ │ │
│ │ 4. Output displayed on screen │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ OUTPUT: │ │
│ │ ========== POINTER ARITHMETIC DEMO ========== │ │
│ │ Array values: 10 20 30 40 50 │ │
│ │ *ptr = 10 │ │
│ │ After ptr++: 20 │ │
│ │ After ptr+=2: 40 │ │
│ │ ========== COMPLETE ========== │ │
│ │ │ │
│ └────────┬────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ▼ │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ Press Enter │ ← Returns to Pointers Menu │
│ └─────────────────┘ │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
| Topic | README | Code | Key Concepts |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pointers | ✅ | ✅ | Pointer arithmetic, function pointers, double pointers, NULL pointers |
| Memory | ✅ | ✅ | Stack, heap, static storage, memory layout |
| Bitwise | ✅ | ✅ | AND/OR/XOR/NOT, shifts, bit manipulation, bit fields |
| Preprocessor | ✅ | ✅ | Macros, conditional compilation, X-macros |
| Topic | README | Code | Key Concepts |
|---|---|---|---|
| Move Semantics | ✅ | ✅ | Lvalue/Rvalue, move constructor, std::move |
| Smart Pointers | ✅ | ✅ | unique_ptr, shared_ptr, weak_ptr |
| Templates | ✅ | ✅ | Function templates, class templates, specialization |
| Lambdas | ✅ | ✅ | Capture, mutable, generic lambdas |
| Topic | README | Code | Key Concepts |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interrupts | ✅ | ✅ | Vector table, ISR, NVIC, priorities |
| GPIO | ✅ | ✅ | Registers (MODER, ODR, BSRR), push-pull, open-drain |
| Timers | ✅ | ✅ | Prescaler, auto-reload, PWM, watchdog |
| Communication | ✅ | ✅ | UART, SPI, I2C, baud rate, modes |
| Challenge | Topic | Solution | Difficulty |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1: Pointer Swap | Pointers | ✅ | ⭐ Easy |
| #2: Count Set Bits | Bitwise | ✅ | ⭐⭐ Medium |
| #3: String Move | Move Semantics | ✅ | ⭐⭐ Medium |
| #4: LED Blink | Embedded | ✅ | ⭐⭐⭐ Hard |
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
make menu |
Start interactive menu |
make c_menu |
Go directly to C menu |
make cpp_menu |
Go directly to C++ menu |
make embedded_menu |
Go directly to Embedded menu |
make exercises_menu |
Go directly to Exercises |
make clean |
Remove all compiled binaries |
make all |
Build all examples |
# Run specific topics without menu
make run_ptr_arith # Pointers demo
make run_memory # Memory demo
make run_bitwise # Bitwise demo
make run_move # Move semantics demo
make run_smart # Smart pointers demo
make run_interrupts # Interrupts demo
make run_gpio # GPIO demo
# Run challenges
make run_challenge1 # Pointers challenge
make run_challenge2 # Bitwise challenge
make run_challenge3 # Move semantics challenge
make run_challenge4 # GPIO challengeWeek 1-2: C Language
├── Day 1-2: Pointers
├── Day 3-4: Memory Management
├── Day 5-6: Bitwise Operations
└── Day 7: Preprocessor
Week 3-4: C++ Language
├── Day 1-2: Move Semantics
├── Day 3-4: Smart Pointers
├── Day 5: Templates
└── Day 6-7: Lambdas
Week 5-6: Embedded Baremetal
├── Day 1-2: Interrupts
├── Day 3-4: GPIO
├── Day 5: Timers
└── Day 6-7: Communication Protocols
Week 7: Exercises & Challenges
├── Complete all 4 challenges
├── Review solutions
└── Build your own projects
Contributions are welcome! Please:
- Fork the repository
- Create a feature branch
- Commit your changes
- Push to the branch
- Open a Pull Request
This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.
- ARM Cortex-M Reference Manuals
- C++ Standard Committee Papers
- GNU Compiler Collection Documentation
- STM32 Reference Manuals
If this repository helps you learn systems programming, please give it a star! ⭐
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Topics: 4 Languages | 12 Modules | 4 Challenges
Code: 12 C Files | 8 C++ Files | 2000+ Lines
Documentation: 12 README Files | 200+ Pages Equivalent
═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Happy Coding!